Several people have been wondering about the white tower being erected
in the university (Dedan Kimathi University of Technology). Due to current wave
of terrorist attack, others think it’s a Shabaab watch tower. One school of
though is for this: “The University have heightened security at all the gates,
but they are not stopping at that, they have set this to help see the Shabaab
from a long range”. Well that isn’t true. So what is it?
The cellular tower is a temporary telecommunication infrastructure that
will facilitate (boost) wireless communication between a subscriber device/equipment
or operator devices and a telecom operator network (Safaricom) during the
beatification of Sister Irene Stefani. Thousands of people are expected to grace
the event. User equipment are devices like mobile phones, wireless internet
devices while operator devices are devices such as GSM(Global
System for Mobile Communications), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) ,TDMA platform, Wi-Fi and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access) among
others.
The entire base station consist of a cellular
tower and a BTS, also known as a base station (BS), radio
base station (RBS) or node B (eNB). Most people confuse the tower and the entire base station to be the BTS.
This is the Base Transceiver
Station (BTS)
The BTS comprises of a fix radio Transceiver (TRX) which
handles transmission and reception of signals; sending and reception of signals
to or from higher network entities, a Combiner which Combines feeds from
several TRXs so that they could be sent out through a single antenna thus
reducing the number of antennas that need be installed, a Power amplifier which
aids in signal amplification from TRX for transmission through the antenna, a
Duplexer which is used for separating, sending and receiving signals to or from
the antenna and an Antenna which is an external part of the BTS
The temporary
station receives a signal from a parent base station controller (BSC) at
Kamakwa through the dish. A BTS is usually placed in the center of a cell
serving as a single cell. It is assigned a Cell Identity. The
cell identity is 16-bit number (double octet) that identifies that cell in a
particular Location Area.
In a typical structure, there
are three sectors served by separate antennas. Each sector has a separate
direction of tracking, typically of 120° sector of an area with respect to the
adjacent ones .Usually a tower with 3 BTSs will accommodate all 360 degrees
around the tower, however, depending on geography and user demand of an area,
other orientations may be used including orienting the antennas to serving
sectors of 180° separation to one another.
The
BTS equipment are usually housed in a shelter which protects the telecoms
equipment from external conditions such as dust, corrosion, rust or even theft.
On the cellular tower, we have remote
radio unit (RRU), 2G,
3G and the Antenna. The RRU include a cyclic prefix (CP) module with a CP adder
for downlink channel processing and a CP remover for uplink channel processing.
The RRU can be configured to communicate with a base band unit (BBU) via a physical communication link and
can communicate with a wireless mobile device via an air interface.
Sitting
on the antenna and pointing at the RRU. All of them are lifted to the cellular
tower .They will be bolted to the H-frame.
On health risks, there is no substantial link
between exposure to electromagnetic signals at the level of BTS and mobile
telephone handsets transmission.
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